Possibilities of modeling endocrinopathies using adrenal diseases as an example

Gantsgorn E. V.¹

Tskhvitava T. B.¹

Tokova A. Z.¹

Khan S. J.

Papakhchyan A. N.¹

1Rostov State Medical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia

Gantsgorn Elena Vladimirovna; e-mail: gantsgorn@inbox.ru

None declared.

The study had no sponsorship.

18.01.2026

02.03.2026

Relevance. Modeling is an integral part of experimental medicine, the basis for fundamental research and preclinical drug testing. Improving modeling capabilities, their validation, and extrapolation to clinical data poses significant challenges, but is crucial. This is particularly true for modeling endocrinopathies. Similar methodological approaches for modeling adrenal dysfunction are particularly limited. Objective. To analyze existing experimental methods for modeling endocrine pathologies using adrenal diseases as an example to assess current capabilities of preclinical research in endocrinology and pharmacology, and further improve pharmacotherapy for these pathologies. Materials and methods. A search and analysis of Russian and foreign literature sources for 2005-2025 was performed using the keywords: «modeling of endocrinopathies», «adrenal pathology», «experimental endocrinology», «modeling of endocrinopathies», «adrenal pathology», «experimental endocrinology» in the PubMed, eLIBRARY, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. Results and discussion. Modern models of endocrinopathies move away from standard and «rough» methods of suppressing adrenal secretion with large doses of GCS or other agents, as well as performing radical adrenalectomy. New methods generally focus on finding animal models that are morphologically and functionally similar to the human body and more closely match the standards for human pathologies, such as Acomys mice and golden hamsters. Specific strains with specific rare nosologies that cannot be reproduced without genetic engineering are also being developed, such as H-2W18 and Clcn2R180Q/+ mice. A noticeable trend is toward the transition of experiments into the theoretical field of mathematical modeling of pathological processes, which complements in vivo experiments. Conclusion. Further improvement of methods for modeling adrenal endocrinopathies facilitates both the study of adrenal pathology and the correction of existing tactics for the use of drugs that realize their pharmacodynamic activity through the hormonal systems of the adrenal glands.

modeling of endocrinopathies, adrenal pathology, experimental endocrinology

10.29234/2308-9113-2026-14-2-162-175

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